All About Computer Networks

Over a period of time, computers have become an indispensable part of businesses. Installation of computers, their support and maintenance are services all organizations require. As businesses grow, the number of computers in the organization also increase. It becomes imperative to establish a systematic way to connect these computers so that they function in a hassle-free manner. Therefore, computers are interconnected in various ways. This is the concept of a computer network.

What is a computer network?

A computer network can be understood as a number of computers connected together to share resources. The most common resource shared is the internet. Other resources can be printers, file servers, etc. The computers in the network may be connected through an Ethernet cable or wirelessly through radio waves.
Now we will see how the individual computers in a network are connected:
Computers connected in a network are referred to as nodes.

Star Topology:

In this case, there is a central node from which connections are provided to individual computers. In this case, even if there is any problem with a particular cable, the other computers can continue to function undisturbed. On the flipside, this type of connection requires a lot of cabling.

Bus Topology:

In this case, all the computers are connected by a single cable. The information that is intended for the last computer needs to travel through all the nodes. The chief benefit is that it requires minimal cabling. However, if there is any fault in the cable, all the computers are affected.

Ring Topology:

In this topology, all the computers are connected through a single cable. The end nodes are also connected to each other. The signal circulates through the network to reach the intended recipient. In case, a network node is configured incorrectly or there is some other issue, the signal will make numerous attempts to find the intended recipient.

Collapsed Ring Topology:

In this case, the central node is a network device known as the hub, router or switch. This device runs in a ring featuring plugins for cables. And, each computer is independently connected to the device through individual cables.

Each organization chooses its own topology of the computer network to ensure a streamlined functioning of their computers. Once the computers are connected, offices also have separate cabling closets, which is essentially a space containing a switch device that connects to the network.

There are a number of computer network companies that provide the services of installation, maintenance, and support services ensuring smooth and streamlined functioning of your systems.

Mobile Game Development In Future

Future Mobile Game Development

The following topics are the new emerging trends in the mobile gaming world. And these trends will conquer the entire market in a few years to come.

● Massive Multiplayer Mobile Game Development

● Advertising / Promoting Through Mobile Games
Promoting Cinemas / Movies Through Mobile Games
Advertising New Products Through Mobile Games

● 3d Real World Scenario Mobile Games

Massive Multiplayer Mobile Game Development

The 3rd generation games with AI computer players are getting outdated today and the global multiplayer is getting its value. For this reason Online Massive Multiplayer Mobile Game Development is introduced, where players play against many other people around the world with their mobile phones. Definitely in a few years massive multiplayer mobile games will hit the market like the PC game scenario. Today, there is very little number of global multiplayer mobile games available in the market like Find4 by Smackall.com.

Interactive Server

This Massive Multiplayer Mobile Game is using the GPRS connection for the networking with a central server acting as router. It is almost the same as Nokia's SNAP technology. This trend will soon get popular around the mobile game players. Smackall.com has developed the Massive Multiplayer Mobile Game SDK for FIND4 game. A customize SDK and the server is now available for sale.

Advertising / Promoting Through Mobile Games

Advertising and promoting a product is totally getting changed to new concept. Consumer product companies advertising their products through the PC games and with other entertainment products. As the mobile gaming have a very market and the advertisements reach very close to the customers. It is very helpful for mobile game developer to make their games cost effectiveness and earn big revenue from them.

Promoting Cinemas / Movies through Mobile Games

Nowadays, film promoters look for publishing their cinemas / movies through other entertainment Medias. For this reason many producers and film makers come up for developing a game based on the movie. This type of publishing or promoting will reach the right customer and the right age group which the film is aiming at. So that today's film directors are promoting their films through the mobile games with the help of custom mobile game developers. Games are developed based on the characters from the movie. These types of games will reach the customer soon and bring a good result as the character is familiar and the game story resembbles the one they are impressed on.

Advertising New Products through Mobile Games

Mobile Game Development is moving towards advertising market to make it cost effective and earn more revenue from each game. Some consumer product based companies have started investing on games. For example a famous painkiller in India has advertised on a mobile game in which they player uses their product for injuries. This type of advertising has become familiar in mobile game industries today. Soon there will be running displays in the bottom of the screen to hold advertisements and flash news.

3d Real World Scenario Mobile Games

Today in mobile game development there is lots of restrictions and minimal resources available for game development, like CPU and memory in the device. The mobile gaming industry has just reached 3D gaming and soon there will be real world scenario games on mobile phones.

Most Common Computer Malfunctions

If you have a computer, I have news for you. It is going to malfunction, usually at the worst possible time and often for no apparent reason. It is not something we look forward to, because it is very easy to end up spending a day or so trying to figure out what is wrong and getting it fixed. My most recent issue involved some of my desktop icons vanishing, previously the ones that allowed me to control volume and told me how much battery life I had left. The fix ended up being a quick one, once I actually found the solution that worked. But getting there was a harrowing experience indeed.

It is also a fact that user error plays a huge part in computer glitches. Visiting sites that harbor malicious codes or software, downloading programs without checking to see whether or not they may cause harm, or simply asking the computer to do more than it is effectively able to do with the resources provided. Many times we are the cause of what goes wrong.

Many computer malfunctions may also be the result of power surges such as lightning. This can usually be avoided through the use of a surge protector. If you do not have one, get one now and attach all of your comp's connections through it to avoid an unpleaser episode.

Computers may also fall victim to viruses. Contrary to popular belief, most viruses do not wipe your hard drive or destroy your PC, but rather they install and then proceed to make nuisances of themselves. My most recent experience with a virus came disguising itself as an anti-virus program. Of course it was a fake, the idea being for you to believe its warning about your computer being infected and click on their link to download the fix. In reality, all it would be doing is scarfing up your credit card information. Viruses can usually be removed by use of any number of removal tools, such as Malwarebytes, or Avast!

Newer viruses are even more malicious in that they install themselves on your comp, change various registry settings, and then eliminate themselves. The virus is gone, but the damage it has done remains, requiring specialized help to correct. It is not advisable to go poking around a computer's registry settings unless you really know what you are doing. Changing the wrong thing may end up making a bad situation worse.

Quite possibly the single most common problem is the accessibility to access your PC at all. When you turn on your computer, nothing happens. Once you have had your intelligence insulted by being told to check and make sure the unit is plugged in, check out the power supply inside the unit and make sure it is functioning properly. If the comp appears to be running but the monitor is blank, check the unit's video card.

Of course you can always cut down on potential problems by running normal system tools such as Disk Defragmenter, ScanDisk, and Disk Cleanup. In addition, keep a can of compressed air handy to remove dust from your unit, cutting down on the possibility of a short.

Other problems are less noticeable, such as the inevitable slowdown of your system over time. The more programs that are installed and running simultaniously, the slower your system will run overall. Make it a good habit of regularly emptying your cache files, cleaning your registry, and making sure all of your software is up to date. My current desktop is almost seven years old and still runs just as well as my two year old laptop.

We have all had a computer freeze up and crash (remember those annoying "blue screens of death"?); These are most often the result of out of date drivers. Keep all of your hardware drivers up to date on a regular basis. Increasing the amount of memory will also help your comp run better.

You may also hear unusual sounds coming out of your CPU (or "tower"). Clicking, buzzing, and squealing sounds are not uncommon and may be the result of damaged electronic components within the unit. In many cases you may be able to fix the problem yourself, however if it comes down to dealing with delicate software or your hard drive, your best bet is to call in a qualified computer technician.

Staying on top of your computer issues and properly maintaining the unit will go a long way towards helping to insure a long productive life for your unit.

Advantages of Mathematics

Many of us surprised about the advantages of Mathematics during our childhood days. Many of us were not able to comprehend the benefits of mathematics beyond the daily usage of calculating simple numbers. Let us see in detail what are some of the benefits of learning mathematics and marveling at this arduous subject at early age.

The importance of mathematics is two-fold, it is important in the advancement of science and two, it is important in our understanding of the workings of the universe. And in here and now it is important to individuals for personal development, both mentally and in the workplace.

Mathematics equips pupils with a uniquely powerful set of tools to understand and change the world. These tools include logical reasoning, problem-solving skills, and the ability to think in abstract ways. Mathematics is important in everyday life, many forms of employment, science and technology, medicine, the economy, the environment and development, and in public decision-making.

One should also be aware of the wide importance of Mathematics, and the way in which it is advancing at a spectacular rate. Mathematics is about pattern and structure; it is about logical analysis, deduction, calculation within these patterns and structures. When patterns are found, often in different different areas of science and technology, the mathematics of these patterns can be used to explain and control natural events and situations. Mathematics has a pervasive influence on our everyday lives, and contributions to the wealth of the individual.

The study of mathematics can satisfy a wide range of interests and abilities. It develops the imagination. It trains in clear and logical thought. It is a challenge, with varieties of difficult ideas and unsolved problems, because it deals with the questions arising from complicated structures. Yet it also has a continuing drive to simplification, to finding the right concepts and methods to make difficult things easy, to explaining why a situation must be as it is. In so doing, it develops a range of language and insights, which may then be applied to make a crucible contribution to our understanding and appreciation of the world, and our ability to find and make our way in it.

Increasingly, employers are looking for graduates with strong skills in reasoning and problem solving - just the skills that are developed in a mathematics and statistics degree.

Let us look at a few examples. The computing industry exercises mathematics graduates; Indeed, many university computing courses are taught by mathematicians. Mathematics is used to create the complex programming at the heart of all computing. Also cryptography, a form of pure mathematics, is deployed to encode the millions of transactions made hourly via the Internet and when we use debit or credit cards. Mathematics and Computer Science is a popular degree choice, and four-year degrees with a placement in industry are also available. The latter give graduates plenty of relevant experience to increase their employability.

Mathematics led to the perfect ratios shown in Renaissance painting. The study of astronomy in the early times of its invasion demanded the expansion of our understanding of mathematics and made possible such realizations as the size and weight of the earth, our distance from the sun, the fact that we revolve around it, and other discoveries that allowed us to move forward in our body of knowledge without which we would not have any of our modern marvels of technology.

The computer itself is a machine built upon the principles of mathematics, being an invention so important as to bring about an economic revolution of efficiency in data communication and processing.

Why Accounting and Finance Software is Better Than an Accountant

Software that is designed to apply to take care of business expenses, profits, employees and pay rolls along with a range of other bookkeeping tasks is known as accounting software. To handle different accounting functions, it consist of several modules. This software comes in different versions to meet the need of different needs of all types of businesses, large or small.

Accountant management, task that extremely decides success and failure of a business, can be done either with the help of an accountant (s). Which one is better? From the growing popularity of accounting software, it is easy to say that the better one is investing in software. The most beneficial thing is to run the software knowledge on accounting is not required. Invest and install good quality software, it will take care of everything.

No matter, what type of business you has, large or small, you will find software for your business. Just choose the best one for your business.

If you are still in hesitation to install software in stead of employing an accountant, keep in mind the following points:

Accuracy

In modern day business, accuracy of financial data is the most important thing. Any types of documents that are made and reviewed by humans can never be error free. But documents that are made with the help of accounting software can be completely error free.

Compliance

Recently different laws are passed that put accounting and finance manager under tremendous pressure. So they have to find new ways to avoid the risk of non-compliance to avoid severe penalties. Accounting software with its analysis facilities helps companies to cope with the newly enforced laws.

Staff productivity

Productivity of the staffs paves the way for the companies to development. To be productive, employees have to be free from administrative burden to focus more of their time and effort on the processes of revenue generation and business growth. Accounting software can help them by automating routine and repetitive manual tasks.

Increase Revenues

To increase revenues, companies have to improve financial planning, budget management, and strategic decision-making. To do these companies need 360 degree visibility into the organization's financial status and performance. Not human brains but accounting software can provide such analysis.

Apart from these the analysis and data that are made by using accounting software provides new opportunities to the companies. When a company knows better about its present situation, it becomes helpful for them to take decisions to grip the new opportunities.

To do these works is quite impossible for an accountant or accountants in the shortest possible of time. Accounting software can do these tasks not only in short span of time but also perfectly.

Best Ways to Make Money Online

Money has become the foundation for all deeds on our planet and man has found innumerable ways to earn these dollar notes for himself. One of the ways to make money, wherein you do not need to invest in huge amounts, is through the largest revelation of this century - the internet. With the horizons of the internet spreading far and wide, the ways in which you can earn money has also been intense. Let us review a few of the best ways to make money online.

Affiliate marketing - This is one of the structured forms of online marketing wherein you get business rewards based on your performance by affiliating the customer with a product or a brand. The basic advertising methods used here are Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Pay Per Click, and Content marketing and so on. This form has resulted in creating tremendous opportunities to earn money online. Let us look into detail each one of these advertising modes;

Search Engine Optimization - This is the term that most of the online businesses are revolving around; a process which reflects the visibility of a website in search engines in order to increase traffic and thereby improve the income you earn online.

Pay per click - This is the most famous internet advertising practice that has been used by various businesses online, which gets paid at the very click of the ads displayed. This practice apart from earning you money online also provides the business a valuable customer interested in the product.

Content Marketing - This is yet another marketing skill which focuses on reaching the product to the customer with the help of reviews, news, eBooks, how to do guides with respect to the product involved. Though, these do not involve directly in marketing a product, they play an important role in communicating the advantages of a product to its right customers.

Apart from these, another way of making money online is to create a blog. Yet another best way to make money online is having a blog or website for you with SEO rich content or hand made goods which you can market in order to build scalable traffic. Once the content pulls enough traffic, you can monetize it with portals like AdSense and make lots of money through it.

The above said methods to earn money online are reliably simpler and when done from the comfort of our homes further make the job enjoyable, too.

Tips on Finding a Financial Planner

The time and research you should put in to finding a financial planner is no different than the time and research you should put into finding a good family doctor. You are looking for someone you can trust and guide your financial health, after all. But how should you start your search? According to the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) there are no fewer than 69 different financial credentials that you may run into. This article will attempt to help you narrow down your search before you even pick up the phone and start calling prospective planners.

As with a family doctor, the best place to start your search is referrals from friends and family and ask who they work with. The best planners out there will tell them that they get the majority of their new clients from referrals. You can also use the internet to look for planners in your area. A few websites out there provide good starting points. The Financial Planning Association (FPA) website includes planners who are fee-only, fee-based, or commission-based. The National Association of Personal Financial Advisors (NAPFA) website only includes those planners who adhere to a strict fee-only compensation model. All three compensation models will be explained below.

When deciding what type of planner best fits you and your family's finances there are four areas to consider: credentials, experience, how they are compensated, and to what regulatory standards must they adhere to.

Credentials

Of all the credits in the financial world, the four most common are CFP, CPA-PFS, ChFC, and CFA.

1. Certified Financial Planner (CFP) - Awarded by the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, or CFP Board, to individuals who meet the CFP Board's education, examination, experience and ethics requirements. A professional with a CFP design should have a broad knowledge of all aspects of financial planning including investments, estate planning, retirement planning, insurance and taxes. The design means the person has passed rigid examinations and met certain requirements.

2. Certified Public Accountant - Personal Financial Specialist (CPA-PFS) - CPAs, by trade, have a more extensive background in tax issues. A PFS designation is awarded by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants to CPAs who have taken additional training or already hold a CFP or ChFC designation.

3. Chartered Financial Consultant (ChFC) - Earned through The American College in Bryn Mawr, PA, andignees tend to work in the insurance industry. A professional with the ChFC designation should have a broad knowledge of all aspects of financial planning, including investments, estate planning, insurance and taxes. The design means the person has passed rigid examinations and met certain requirements.

4. Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) - Awarded by the CFA Institute to experienced financial analysts who successfully pass three examinations covering economics, financial accounting, portfolio management, securities analysis, and ethics. CFAs are more likely to work for mutual fund companies, institutional asset management firms, or pension funds. CFA charter holders are annually required to affirm their commitment to high ethical standards.

Experience

With the pending onslaught of baby boomers coming and entering retirement, the financial planning profession has become a second-career choice for many planners out there today. You will want to keep this in mind when you interview potential planners. Ideally, the planner has been in the profession for more than five or ten years and has an educational background in the profession. The number of colleges actually offering degrees in Personal Financial Planning and Counseling has exploded over the past decade. One of the most well-known programs today is right up the road in Lubbock, TX at Texas Tech.

Compensation

Understanding how - and how much - a planner is paid is an important part of establishing the relationship. Always consider whether a planner's compensation requirements will interfere with their objectivity when it comes to your financial plan.

There are three general compensation categories that a planner will fall into: commission-based, fee-based, or fee-only.

1. Commission Based - Planners in this category earn their paycheck through commissions on sales of products, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and insurance. Some commission-based advisors associated with banks or brokerage firms may have sales quotations that need to fill in order to keep their jobs, and the products they are recommending may not be the best option for you. If the planner is paid a commission it does not necessarily mean that they are not looking out for your best interests. But the potential for conflict of interest is greater.

2. Fee-Based - Planners in this category usually have their compensation based on a flat fee or percentage of money under management as well as commissions on sales of products such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and insurance.

3. Fee-Only - Planners in this category do not sell any commission-based product, instead charging an agreed-upon flat fee or a percentage of assets under management. It is argued that removing any incentive to buy or sell a particular investment for a client also removes any conflict of interest and the planner is making their recommendations based on what is best for the client, not the planner.

Which compensation model is the best? I'm willing to guess that planners in each category will make their argument as to why their is more advantageous to their clients. In the end, you must be not only comfortable with how your planner is compensated, but you should have an understanding as to how much they are being paid for each recommendation they make. If they do not volunteer that information to you, simply ask! If they value you as a client they will have no issues in providing that information.

Regulatory Standards

Financial planners will fall under one of two standards with their clients. These two standards are "suitability" and "fiduciary".

Brokers, also known as 'registered representatives' may call themselves financial planners but they are basically employees of a stock exchange member firm who act as account executives for their clients. These brokers fall under the jurisdiction of the self-regulatory Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (or FINRA) and are held to a lesser stringent "suitability" standard. This means their recommendations must be "suitable" to their clients (eg be in line with the client's risk tolerance and long-term goals). Therefore, a broker is legally free to recommend an investment that pays his firm (and himself) a higher commission over a similar lower-cost fund as long as the investment is suitable to the client's situation.

In stark contrast, planners held to a "fiduciary" standard could not do that. If held to a fiduciary standard the planner, by law, must place the client's interests first. CFPs and Registered Investment Advisors (RIA) are held to the strict fiduciary standard. (Registered Investment Advisors are simply planners who are not employed by, nor have any affiliation with, brokerage firms or other financial institutions, and must register with the US Securities and Exchange Commission and / or state regulators)

If you are comfortable with your planner not being held to a fiduciary standard, at least ask them to explain reasonably the reasons for their recommendations, including what's in if for them.

In Summary

Finding a financial planner for your family extremely comes down to trust. Regardless of the planner's association to a certain firm, their compensation structure, or experience you must feel a strong connection between the two parties. Your relationship with a financial professional is, above all things, a partnership. It is worth taking the added time to find the right planner upfront because you want this relationship to last a lifetime.